methods to enhance the impedance bandwdith of the microstriop antennas

Basically the microstrip antenna is a high-Q resonant device. Usually they are inherently narrowband. To increse the impedance bandwdith, the simplest way is to reduce the Q by increasing the thickness and/or lowering the dielectric constant of the substrate.  Therefore, SPA-suspended plate antennas are good options but the size/volume increases slightly. 
more information can be found in papers published in IEEE T-AP during 2002-2008 or book entitled Broadband Plate Antennas: Design and Applications. 

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Good

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Thanks. miniaturization and broadbanding technologies are the most important design issues in antenna development. It should be taken serious consideration. 

網友回復:

還以為有什么新意，還是老話重提。有些失望

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however, th echallenges are still there. for example, it is very difficult to design an antenna covering 2.3-2.7GHz and 4.9-5.875GHz simultaneously with consistent gain at boresight and a small form factor. Can you help in this？ In the market, it is very attractive.

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有啥話你不能一氣兒說完？！

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it is better for you to focus on the discussion, please.

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in addition, broad bandwidth can indicate many different performance besides impedance matching, like gain, polarization, etc.

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PIFA is a important design in miniaturization of antennas. Now, the new demand for small antennas in handsets is coming while LTE will be used very soon！

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知己知彼方能進步！ 
 
Book: antennas for portable devices

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